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http://peakmemory.me/2013/12/07/the-vast-memory-of-solomon-shereshevsky/'
CITAZIONE
Shereshevsky appears to have self discovered the method of loci. How are we to interpret the fact that Shereshevsky used a memory technique? Was his skill the result of training, natural ability, or some combination of both?
One way we might answer this question is to see if ordinary people could be trained to duplicate impressive feats of memory. For example, Shereshevsky was able to memorize a large matrix numbers of 50 numbers arranged in 12 rows of four digits and one row of two digits. This seems a task beyond the reach of most people.
Yet, Kenneth Higbee , a psychology professor at Brigham Young University, was able to train ordinary college students to duplicate Shereshevsky feat using a mnemonic system called the phonetic alphabet to learn the same matrix. The students in Higbee’s study were able to learn the matrix in 3 minutes; the same time it took Shereshevsky.
It still remains possible, however, that Shereshevsky had some power beyond that of technique. For one thing, while Higbee’s students were able to duplicate Shereshevsky’s in immediately recalling the list, his complete performance was still more impressive. Shereshevsky was also able to recall the list in reverse order and the numbers in individual columns. Indeed, he could recite the numbers in zig zag diagonals through the chart.
It certainly seems likely that with additional practice the students would have obtained Shereshevsky like levels of performance. However, one wonders if they would, as Shereshevsky could, recall the list years later.
Our best explanation for Shereshevsky may be some combination of innate skill and technique. It seems possible that Shereshevsky’s synesthesia gave him superior powers of mental imaging that he harnessed to an age old memory technique.
In in italiano, in breve: e' stato possibile addestrare degli studenti a replicare i risultati ottenuti da S. Shereshevsky nel breve periodo, ma si e' visto che Shereshevsky, a differenza di questi, era in grado di ricordare i dati oggetto di memorizzazione anche anni dopo, e si sospetta che il motivo sia la sinestesia, che e' un tratto innato.
Allora mi chiedo: Shereshevsky, dotato di sinestesia, NON aveva bisogno di effettuare ripassi basati sul principio dell'effetto spaziatura? (nemmeno uno).
Le persone normali, indipendentemente dal loro grado di bravura nelle mnemotechine, devono obbligatoriamente effettuare ripassi ( e sembra che quelli basati sull'effetto spaziatura siano i piu' efficaci) oltre che probabilmente dover utilizzare software come supermemo, per automatizzare gli stessi (non credo sia realistico infatti pianificare manualmente il ripasso di migliaia e migliaia di info, o ripercorrere tutte le centinaia e centinaia di loci a ogni ripasso).
Per tutta la vita sara' necessario dedicare un tempo X al giorno alle ripetizioni, e appena lo si smettera' di fare si verificheranno perdite piu' o meno consistenti.
Quindi si potrebbe concludere che, se quanto dice l'articolo e' vero e S. non effettuava ripassi ne' consciamente ne inconsciamente, che per una persona normale e' impossibile raggiungere il suo livello di memorizzazione.
Edited by max_memory - 14/4/2014, 14:42
